Podzemni celovit cevni galeriji montažnih komponent proizvodni proces podrobno
Prvič, nastavitve prizorišča
Montažna stran
1. Spletna stran je izbrana glede na dejanski položaj projekta. Spletna stran sprejme zaprto vodstvo za vzpostavitev uvoza in izvoza, dostopna cesta za gradnjo pa je rezervirana na območju načrtovanja območja, ob uvozu in izvozu pa po različnih predpisih obešeni različni znaki.
2. Postavitev mesta montažne zgradbe je v skladu z zahtevami standardne tovarne, izpolnjuje zahteve sistema varstva pri delu in varnosti ter sistema ravnanja z okoljem in navodil za uporabo HSE ter vzpostavlja različne objekte za varovanje okolja. Popolnoma je opremljena za izpolnjevanje zahtev varne in civilizirane proizvodnje, odvajanja odplak in odstranjevanja smeti. Natančno v skladu z ustreznimi določbami lokalnih vladnih služb.
3. Očistite montažno mesto, izravnajte, vibrirajo in kompaktirajo, položite debelo 20 cm debelo cementno stabilno makadamsko podlago, glajenje, vibriranje in stiskanje. Glavna cesta v obratu bo vlivala 15 cm debelo komercialno beton C20 na cementno stabilizirano makadamsko podlago. , montažno območje, montažo, proizvodno območje, integrirano cevno galerijo naravnega ohranitvenega območja, ki preliva komercialni beton 10cmC20. V položaju postavitve železniške žerjavne žičnice je globina izkopa 60 cm, beton se vlije in steza položi. Tudi te tri stvari:
(1) Mesto je treba očistiti in izravnati, vključno s prefabriciranimi mesti, ki povezujejo gradbene trakove in obstoječe prometne poti ter prehodi na montažnih mestih.
(2) Na montažni lokaciji je treba očistiti kamne, plevel, drevesa, strukture itd., Ki vplivajo na prehod ali gradbena dela gradbenih strojev, poravnati jarke in greben, spodnje ležeče površine z akumulirano vodo je treba izsušiti in napolniti, če je potrebno, spremeniti. Izpolnite, v celoti zagotovite ravnost tal, nosilno in tlačno sposobnost.
(3) Čiščenje in izravnavanje na mestu izdelave se izvede, da se prihrani pridobivanje zemljišč ali zemljišče, brez prometnih ovir, brez poškodb zgradb, objektov, spomenikov itd., Da se prepreči onesnaževanje okolja in erozija tal.
4. Montaža predelovalne in montažne površine jeklene palice, integrirana cevovodna montažna galanterija za proizvodnjo parnih površin, integrirana cevna galerija, naravna konzervacijska lopa, integrirana skladiščna cev za galvanizacijo in druga funkcijska področja. Pisarniški prostor in bivalna površina sta nastavljena glede na dejansko stanje, vhodni in izhodni vhod je postavljen kot varovalni prostor. Drugič, proizvodni proces
Diagram poteka proizvodnega procesa
1. Gradbeni materiali za ojačitev gradbenih materialov, ki vstopajo na gradbišče, inšpekcijski pregledi vzorčenja, obdelava jekla, vezava jekla, montaža.
(1) Inšpekcijski pregled krepitve a. Rebar je vroče valjana jeklena vrvica HPB300 in vroče valjana jeklena palica HRB400. Standardna trdnost jeklene palice ustreza zahtevam 4.2.2 GB50010-2010. Rebrasta jeklenka je v skladu z jeklom za armirani beton: Del II: Vroče valjane rebraste jeklene palice (GB1499.2-2007); okrogle jeklene palice ustrezajo zahtevam jekla za armirani beton: I. del: Vroče valjane rebraste jeklene palice (GB1499.1-2008). Jeklena plošča je izdelana iz jekla Q235-B, varjena jekla z žarilno elektrodo HPB300 je varjena z elektrodo tipa E43 in jeklena pločevina HRB400 je varjena z elektrodo tipa E55. b. Preden jeklo vstopi na spletno mesto, preverite seznam sort, razreda, specifikacij, količine in materiala v skladu z zahtevami, ali sta potrdilo o kakovosti proizvoda, poročilo o tovarniškem pregledu in poročilo o ponovnem pregledu popolna in veljavna. Preizkus mehanskih lastnosti mora biti v skladu z ustreznimi standardi. c. Preden jeklo vstopi v polje in pred uporabo, preverite kakovost videza jeklene palice, ne glede na to, ali je ravna, ni poškodb, ne vsebuje žlindre na površini, težke kože, razpok, oljne madeže, zrnatih ali lomljivih starih rje, , si oglejte premer jeklene palice. Upoštevajte zahteve, da ne vplivate na trdnost jekla in sidranje. Jeklene plošče, varilne palice itd. Se pregledajo z elementi za pregledovanje jeklene palice pred vstopom v gradbišče.
(2) Skladiščenje jeklenih palic a. Jeklene palice, ki vstopajo na mesto, so shranjene na območju za shranjevanje jeklenih palic glede na sorto, specifikacijo in kakovost. Materiale hranijo materialno osebje in skrbniki. Jekleni trak mora biti prekrit s podlogo za preprečevanje rje. b. Preverite, ali ima jekleno palico tovarniško potrdilo in poročilo o tovarniškem pregledu ter poročilo o ponovnem inšpekcijskem pregledu. Preverite kakovost videza in reprezentativni premer glasnosti. Jekleno palico je treba celovito pregledati zaradi indeksa kakovosti. V skladu s serijskim pregledom je premer in odstopanje od te mase enako isti tovarni, enaka številka peči, enaka specifikacija, isti proizvodni postopek in 60-tonska jeklena palica, ki istočasno vstopa na isto gradbišče inšpekcijski sklop, manj kot 60 ton. Tudi kot preskusno serijo izvedite vzorčno vzorčenje. Vzorčenje jeklenih palic izvaja nadzorni inženir. Vzamemo dve jekleni palici, da vzamemo dva natezna preskušanca, vsaka z dolžino približno 450 mm in dva hladno ukrivljena preskušanca dolžine približno 350 mm, ki sta nameščena v preskusno škatlo in nato nadzorovana za tesnjenje ali nadzor preskusni prostor. Će je rezultat poroćila o ponovnem pregledu brez pridrżkov, je treba dvojno vzorćiti in ponovno preskuśati. Rezultati poročila o ponovnem pregledu so usposobljeni in inženir strokovnega nadzora podpiše odobritev, serija jeklenih palic pa se lahko uporablja pri predelavi. Skladiščenje in skladiščenje drugih materialov se izvede z izolacijo vlage.
(3) Obdelava rebra Pred obdelavo je v skladu s projektnimi specifikacijami ter dolžino in količino, skupaj z različnimi postopki obdelave, dolžina posamezne oprige določena z izračunom, da se zagotovi natančnost. Med obdelavo preverite, ali je v tabeli s črtno kodo napaka ali opustitev. Preverite tabelo materiala za vsako vrsto jeklene palice. Po teh dveh pregledih pritisnite materialno tabelo, da sprostite pravi vzorec. Po poskusni produkciji je kvalificiran, ga je mogoče obdelati v serijah. Dobre jeklene palice je treba lepo in urejeno zložiti. Površina jeklene palice mora biti čista, masti, umazanijo in rjo je treba pred uporabo očistiti. Jeklene palice so naravnane in mehansko naravnane. Jeklene palice po ravnanju nimajo lokalnega upogibanja, mrtvih ovink ali majhnih valov. Rezanje jeklene palice mora temeljiti na številu jeklene palice, premeru, dolžini in količini. Dolžino in dolžino jeklene palice je treba razbiti in najprej preliti kratek material, kratko jekleno glavo pa je treba zmanjšati in skrajšati, kolikor je mogoče, da prihranite jeklo in zmanjšate izgubo. Ko je jeklena palica ukrivljena, izbira določi upogibno točko in določi kot upogiba, ki temelji na upogibni trdnosti vsake jeklene palice. Pred formalno upogibanjem jeklenih palic, ki so bile upognjene v velikih količinah, bodo podvržene poskusnemu upogibanju in ustrezni tehnični podatki bodo določeni pred upogibanjem serije. Po upogibanju jeklene palice loka oblikuje lok. Po upogibanju velikost ni večja od velikosti. Upoštevati je treba upogibno vrednost. Premer upogiba D savne jeklene palice in krivine srednjega dela ni manjši od 5-kratnika premera jeklene palice. Dolžina jeklene palice je treba celovito obravnavati glede na velikost komponente, debelino zaščitnega sloja in nastavitveno vrednost upogibanja jeklene palice. Dovoljeno odstopanje obdelave jeklene palice ne sme presegati specifikacije. Za jeklene palice z nezadostnim končnim materialom se metoda tlačnega varjenja uporablja za pritrditev dolžine stopala in nato upogibanje. Ventilator za riti mora biti usposobljen v posebnem varilnem postopku in vzorčen za pregled. Po oblikovanju različnih jeklenih palic dovoljeno odstopanje ne sme presegati specifikacije: celotna dolžina sile je ± 10 mm; odstopanje dolžine vsakega dela stremen mora biti ± 5 mm; odstopanje upognjenih rebrov mora biti ± 20 mm, velik volumen Beton je ± 30 mm; odstopanje jeklenega kotička je 3 mm; okroglo rebro 6 ~ 12 mm je izdelano v stremen, dolžina končnega kaveljca pa je 75 ~ 105 mm glede na premer glavnega rebra. Določi se poseben izračun pred čiščenjem, razvrščeni in shranjeni jekleni palici, pri čemer se oblikovanim jeklenim palicam med skladiščenjem in transportom ne more deformirati.
Oplaščeni ogrodni oplaščeni ogrodni jekleni opaž
Težave: Težava pri izdelavi glavnih reber pravokotne zgornje cevi je zunanje rebro glavno rebro. Vsak obroč je sestavljen iz štirih jeklenih palic z dvema luknjama, od katerih vsak tvori pravokotni obroč obroča na vrhu cevi. Polmer loka je premajhen, segment ukrivljenih lokov je kratek in natančnost je visoka. . Rešitev: Preden so jeklene palice upognjene, jih označite na križišču vsakega loka. Nato je R90 stopinjski lok krivljen s trikotnim upogibanjem, segment ravne črte pa ni upognjen. Ko je loka povsem upognjena, se namesti na standardni kontrolni pregled. Po izpolnjevanju zahtev je oznaka položaja premikajočega se kolesa izdelana na delovni plošči za upogibni stroj za naslednjo hitro proizvodnjo. Stroj za upogibanje treh zvitkov mora imeti funkcijo jog in vzvratno vožnjo. (4) Varjenje jeklene pločevine Oblikovana jeklena palica je postavljena na varilno obdelovalno orodje z jekleno palico v skladu s konstrukcijskimi risbami za varjenje. Kakovost varjenja je pomemben del za zagotovitev celotne jakosti jeklene palice. V tovarni za obdelavo jeklenih palic se jeklene palice najprej očistijo z dvostranskim varjenjem z bliskavico, da se pred varjenjem očistijo vogalni koti in končna rđa, oljne madeže in oksidna folija, kovinski sijaj pa je izpostavljen z mletjem in ni oksidacijskega pojava. Hkrati je treba čelno stran jeklene palice zravnati, da se olajša dobra kombinacija. Naprave na obeh straneh je treba poravnati, da se zagotovi, da sta dve jekleni palici na isti osi, lokalni očistek dveh jeklenih palic pa ne presega 3 mm. Tlak, ki se uporablja med varjenjem, mora biti enakomeren in močan, temperaturo pa je treba nadzorovati pri 30-40 MPa, odvisno od premera jeklene palice, da se doseže dobra oprijemljivost med jeklenimi palicami. Kadar so jeklene palice z različnimi premeri zvarjene, odstopanje ne sme presegati 7 mm. Varjenje z varjenjem in točkovno varjenje sta strogo v skladu s predpisi, varilci pa so certificirani za delo. Po končanem varjenju se bo sklep zamenjal iz bele do črne, da bi sprostili spono, in jekleno palico izvlečeno gladko, da bi se izognili upogibanju. Po končanem varjenju jeklenih palic opravimo pregled videza zvarjenih spojev pravočasno, spojnice, ki ne opravijo vizualne kontrole, se ponovno zavarijo. Vsi operaterji varjenja morajo zagotoviti, da so vse vrste varilnih strojev v dobrem delovnem stanju, pravočasno ovrednotiti glavne zmogljivosti in parametre različnih varilnih strojev ter izbrati najboljše parametre za dejansko delovanje v skladu s pogoji iz navadne kovine in vremenskih razmer, da se zagotovi kakovost varjenja. . (5) Ojačane jeklene kletke je treba ponovno kalibrirati pred specifikacijo, velikostjo, obliko, količino, orodjem za pozicioniranje itd., In celovit pregled je treba opraviti v skladu z načrtovnimi risbami in seznamom sestavin. Seznam načrtov, seznam sestavin in fizični objekt se lahko ujema. Varnost. Pred nameščanjem sistema je armatura nameščena na pozicionirnem orodju v skladu s podatki o projektu. Hkrati je glede na lokacijo določena nastavitev stojne armature, ki zagotavlja, da jeklene palice po montaži izpolnjujejo zahteve. V procesu varnosti so jeklene palice v glavnem izdelane z vezavo žice in točkovnim varjenjem. Luknje so narejene iz žice 20 ~ 22 #. Metoda vezave in vezave je v skladu s specifikacijami in predpisi. Točno varjenje se uporablja predvsem za oblikovanje jeklenih palic in stojnih palic. Pritrditev, točkovno varjenje mora biti trdno, točke morajo biti enakomerno porazdeljene in sile ne smejo biti resno poškodovane. Vzvodni spoj jeklene palice mora izpolnjevati naslednje zahteve: a. Konec dolžine kroga ne sme biti manjša od 10-kratnika premera jeklene palice na ovinku jeklene palice, pri čemer se spoj ne sme namestiti pri največjem upogibnem momentu sestavnega dela. b. V območju napetosti se konec I-grade jeklenega veznega sklepa izvede v kavelj. V istem delu je površina prečnega prereza spoja napetostnega območja manjša od 50% celotne površine sprejemnega sita, pri čemer vezni spoj ne sme biti večji od 50%. Ne več kot 25% hkrati, vezni sklepi ne smejo presegati 50% v kompresijskem območju. c. Ojačan spoj, vezan z žico v sredini in na obeh koncih. d. Skupni položaji stresnih rebrov so razporejeni drug od drugega. Dolžina kroga zategnjenih jeklenih spojev mora ustrezati konstrukcijskim zahtevam. Varjeni jekleni spoji in mehanski sklepi morajo biti nameščeni pri minimalnem upogibnem momentu in razporejeni. e. Če je premer pritrjene jeklene palice ≥ 25 mm, ni priporočljivo uporabiti nenavarjenega veznega sklepa. f. Debelina betonskega zaščitnega sloja jeklene palice s premazom mora ustrezati konstrukcijskim zahtevam. Da bi zagotovili pravilen položaj jeklene palice, je vezan in nameščen v skladu z načrtovalskimi zahtevami. g. V procesu vezanja ojačitvene kletke je ena ΦPVC cev predhodno zakopana na štirih straneh sklepa, Φ14mm, dolžina PVC cevi se določi glede na debelino stene ustnic sklepa in vnaprej vgrajen PVC cev se uporablja kot kontrolna luknja in injekcijska luknja. Dvižne luknje so nameščene na višini 500 mm nad in pod osrednjo os leve in desne strani integrirane galvanske cevi. Za jekleno ogrodje sta privarjena dva Φ125 * 10mm * 220mm jeklenih cevi, za tesnjenje pa jekla Φ140 * 4. Pred dviganjem je nameščena jeklena cev Φ125 * 10mm * 180mm. Φ110mm * 350mm železna zatiča se uporablja kot vgrajeno uho za obešanje cevi, ki ustreza konstrukciji dvigal vgrajene cevne galerije. Ojačena jeklarska dela so skriti projekti. Pred betoniranjem je treba pregledati in sprejeti jeklene palice in vdelane dele ter skriti tehnične dokumente. Potem ko se inženirji na kraju samem strinjajo, se lahko izvede naslednji postopek.
Montaža jeklenih plesni
Najučinkovitejša metoda za montažo mora biti: najprej podpreti notranji plesni, najprej je treba privariti privarjena jeklena vezna rebra, nato pa jih postaviti v spodnji plesni, pri čemer morajo biti jeklena obročna povezovalna rebra vtičnice varjena po jeklenem okvir se vstavi v kalup, in jeklene palice so varjene. Po tem, ko je skelet vstavljen v kalup, sta zvarjena luknja, luknjasta luknja in predhodno vgrajena jeklena plošča. Po varjenju se sestavi zunanji plesni. Da bi preprečili, da bi bil položaj dvižne luknje netočen, je dvižna luknja pritrjena na zunanji plesen, zunanji plesni pa je sestavljen in nato je varilno vtičnica predhodno pripravljena. Pokopan jekleni obroč. (6) Ojačana zaščitna plast Zaščitna plast betona je izdelana iz betonskega bloka, debelina je enaka debelini zasnovane zaščitne plasti, velikost bloka je 3 cm × 3 cm, številka plošče je večja od malte C25 in Pri proizvodnji se okrepi strjevanje, da se doseže projektna moč. 85% zgoraj navedenega lahko uporabimo. Če se uporablja v navpični strukturi, se v bloku zakopi vezno črto 20 # in blok je vezan na jekleno palico z žico. Spodnji sloj spodnje plošče in stene ojačitvene plasti sta postavljeni v kvadratni meter na kvadratni meter in razporejeni so cvetovi sliv. Razmik blazinic mora biti pravilno šifriran. Razumno namestite bloke in jih tesno pritrdite na stisnjene jeklene palice, namesto da bi jih postavili na nategnjene kite, pritrditev mora biti trdna, da preprečite premikanje in drsenje med postopkom prelivanja; ali so bloki v celoti pregledani pred betonom, ki preliva manjka ali je poškodovan. 2. Betoniranje (1) Betonski material Betonski transport se transportira na montažno gradbišče s tankim betonom in v betonsko črpalko vnese v skladišče. Padec betona je na splošno nadzorovan med 140 in 180 mm (specifična vrednost je odvisna od temperature dneva). 4 konkretne vibracijske palice z vibracijskim polmerom 20-25 cm, zato je razmik med vsako palico 40 cm. Vsaka globina palice je pod 5 cm pod prejšnjo vibracijsko površino, čas vibriranja na palico pa je 2-3 minute. (2) Načrtovanje razmerja mešanja in preskus a. Oblikovanje mešalnega razmerja Da bi zadostili zahtevam konstrukcijske trdnosti betona, odpornosti na zmrzal, neprepustnosti, hitrosti ekspanzije peska in konstrukcijske izvedljivosti, testu optimizacije mešanice betonskih gradbenih konstrukcij Hkrati izpolnjuje zahteve gradbenega razmerja med vodo in cementom, in ga pregleda in odobri nadzorni inženir. Razmerje mešanice betona mora zagotoviti, da dobljeni beton lahko ustreza specifičnim pogojem prelivanja, poraba vode v razmerju mešanja betona pa je čim manjša. b. Preskus betonske mešanice preizkusnega razmerja mešanice betona, vključno z razmerjem betonskih mešanic in preskusa konkretnih učinkov različnih razredov trdnosti, preizkusom mešanja 14d pred različnimi preskusnimi sestavinami mešanice in mešanjem, oblikovanjem in vzdrževanjem itd. se poroča nadzornemu inženirju. c. Nadzor razmerja med gradbenimi mešanicami V skladu s preizkusom mešalnega razmerja in serijskim seznamom, ki ga je odobril nadzorni inženir, se razmerje mešanja betona nadzira in celotna poraba vode se prilagodi glede na vsebnost vode v agregatu. Betonsko razpadanje je odvisno od narave konstrukcijskega dela, hitrosti ojačitve, metode betonskega transporta in vlivanja ter podnebnih pogojev, in čim bolj uporablja majhno padce. Betonski upad ustreza zahtevam SL677-2014. (3) Preskus vzorčenja betona Med postopkom betoniranja vlivalec izvede konkreten preskus vzorčenja na mestu odtekanja in izlivanja v skladu z določbami SL352-2006 in navodilom nadzornika ter nadzorniku predloži naslednje gradivo : a. In potrdilo o kakovosti za svojo integrirano cevno galerijo; b. Sestava, mešanje in dimenzije preskušanca; c. Opis priprave in vzdrževanja preskušanca; d. Rezultati in opis preskusa; e. Beton različnih starosti Testni podatki, kot so gostota nasipov, tlačna trdnost, natezna trdnost, končna natezna vrednost, elastični modul, razmerje Poisson, padec in začetno nastavitev ter končni čas nastavitve. (4) Betonski beton a. Mešalno razmerje komercialnega betona mora ustrezati zahtevam DL / T5330-2005 "Specifikacija konstrukcije za razmerje mešanja hidravličnih betonov" in uporabiti cement in sredstvo za zmanjševanje vode s sorazmerno zgodnjim začetnim časom nastavitve in z zgodnjim povečanjem moči po končnem nastavljanju. Različni dodatki, kot so sredstva za vnašanje zraka in sredstva za zgodnje čiščenje, morajo upoštevati dolge razdalje betonskega transporta, povečati zgodnjo trdnost betona, zmanjšati čas izsuševanja, skrajšati čas gradnje in zlasti rešiti počasno rast trdnosti betona med zimsko gradnjo . Problem s spletno stranjo betona je treba nadzorovati na 140-180 mm. b. Ko so kalupi in jeklene palice namestili in jih usposobili tehnični delavci za kontrolo kakovosti in nadzor ter potrdili, se lahko vgradi integrirana cevna galerija. Višina luknje je 2 m ali več nad tlemi in kapljica je 2 m ali manj. Cev za mehko vrvico je nastavljena na ustje, da se zagotovi, da ima beton padajočo višino manj kot 2 m. c. Betonski cevni predkonstrukcijski beton mora uporabiti metodo simetričnega litja, da se višina roba ne sme presegati 40 cm, gradnja z metodo kontinuiranega vlivanja pa ne sme biti prekinjajoča. d. Beton se vlije v plasteh, v določeni smeri in z določeno debelino. Beton je horizontalen in debelina sloja je 30-40 cm. e. Vibriranje uporablja vibracijsko palico, ki jo vtakne, gibalna razdalja ne presega 1,5-kratnega polmera delovanja vibracijskega droga, in ohranja razdaljo od 5 do 10 cm od stranskega kalupa. Vibriraj spodnji sloj betona od 5 do 10 cm in počasi predlagajte vibrirajočo palico po vsakem vibriranju. Izogibajte se vibriranju opažev, jeklenih palic itd. Med vibracijami; za vsak del vibracij je treba nihati, dokler se beton ne stisne, to pomeni, da se beton ustavi, ne pride do mehurčkov in površina je ravna in blatna. Med postopkom prelivanja je treba urediti vsako vrsto dela, ki preverja spremembe jeklenih palic, oklepajev in šablonov, situacijo pa je treba obravnavati pravočasno. 3, vzdrževanje in demontiranje škatlastih vodotokov
Okvirni pregradni elementi
(1) Po betonu se vlije, potem ko je beton prvotno nastavljen, integrirana cevna galerija paro pri visoki temperaturi. Vročina sprejme prilagojeno pokritje s paro, integriran profil pločevine pa je pokrit s pokrovom za pare, spodnji del parove pečice pa je zapečaten, da se med procesom pare parna voda ne izprazni. Parni kotel je paren za okolju prijazno posodo. podporo. V procesu pare je razdeljen na štiri faze: statično zaustavitev, segrevanje, stalno temperaturo in hlajenje. Med statično zaustavitvijo je treba temperaturo okolja vzdrževati pod 5 ° C, dvig temperature pa je treba nadzorovati v 15 ° C / h. Konstantna temperatura: Ko temperatura doseže 60 ° C, se lahko parni stroj ustavi po štirih konstantnih temperaturah v pari. Hlajenje: Hitrost hlajenja integrirane galvanske cevi v parnici je manjša od 10 ° C / h, temperatura površine integrirane galvanske cevi pa ni večja od 5 ° C, tako da je mogoče integrirano galvansko cev odstraniti iz pokritje s paro. Med postopkom vročine je organizirano posebno osebje, ki učinkovito nadzoruje dvig temperature in padec ter podrobno zapisovanje. Prvič, po tem, ko je bila integrirana galvanska cev vlita in ustavljena 2 uri, je bila vgrajena integrirana galerija cevi in pregled nima nobenih nepravilnosti. Pokrovi in oprema za pare se premaknejo na tovarniško montažno območje, integrirana cevna galerija pa je nastavljena s pokrovom za pare. Strogo zaprte, preverite stanje tesnjenja opreme za kuhanje s paro in odpravite napravo za pare. Ko so vse priprave na mestu, vklopite vročo opremo in pozorno upoštevajte, da med ogrevanjem nadzirate stopnjo segrevanja pri 15 ° C / h. . Prepovedano je segrevanje ali prepočasno segrevanje, kar bo vplivalo na tlačno trdnost in učinkovitost integrirane galvanske cevi. Ko temperatura doseže 60 ° C, se konstantna temperatura pari začne. Po stalni temperaturi, ki pari štiri ure, se lahko parjenje ustavi. Po končani konstantni temperaturi pari se integrirana galvanska cev ohladi in vzdržuje v parni špirit, hitrost hlajenja pa je strogo nadzorovana. Znotraj 10 ° C / h temperatura pade na površinsko temperaturo integrirane galvanske cevi, temperatura okolice pa ne presega 5 ° C, lahko odstranimo parni pokrov, integrirano galvansko cev je porušena in se premakne v naravno ohranitev naravno ohranjanje. (2) Po končanem pranju se izrez galvanskega cevovoda in ohranitveni načrt naravnega ohranjanja doseže 50% konstrukcijske trdnosti, temperaturna razlika med notranjo in zunanjo stranjo paro ne more biti več kot 5 ° C po ustavitvi pari za eno uro. plesen. Vrstni red razkrivanja je od znotraj navzven, od vrha do dna. V procesu razstavljanja je treba korak za korakom odstraniti, da se plesen odstrani, montažno integrirano cevno galaksijo in spodnji plesni odstranijo iz kalupa preko portala žerjavja in se prevažajo v označeno naravno konzervacijsko kletko za naravno zalivanje. Strogo prepovedano je uporabiti lomilnico, da se med postopkom demouldiranja zadeva šablon pod predlogo. Po naravnem vzdrževanju doseže 75% moči projektiranja, bo integrirana cevna galerija odstranjena iz naravnega ohranjevalnega prostora za obrat. (3) Načrt preklopa in postavitve galerije cevi Po zaključku betoniranja je projektna moč 50% in po tem, ko se parjenje ustavi eno uro, temperaturna razlika med notranjim in zunanjim parom ne more biti večja od 5 ° C, plesni pa se lahko porušijo. Vrstni red razkrivanja je od znotraj navzven, od vrha do dna. V procesu razstavljanja ga je treba zaporedoma odstraniti korak za korakom. Ko se kalup odstrani, se montažni izdelek in spodnji kalup dvignejo iz kalupa in se transportirajo v naravno ohranitveno območje za naravno zalivanje. Strogo prepovedano je uporabiti lomilnico, da se med postopkom demouldiranja zadeva šablon pod predlogo. Kotni deli vrvi ali žične vrvi so zaščiteni z blazino, ki je med dvigovanjem svetla in lahek, vse ukrepe pa usmerja posebna oseba. Ko moč izdelka doseže 75% projektne moči, se izdelek prenese na končano naravno ohranitveno območje. Med transportom premaknite izdelek iz pladnja in ga obrišite. Da bi olajšali skladiščenje izdelka, se izvirni izdelek izdelka obrne na dno tla, višina shranjevanja izdelka pa je dve plasti. 4, standardi preskušanja zaprte vode
Pregledni diagram poteka pregleda zaprtih voda
(1) Vbrizgavanje vode v integrirani cevni galeriji Pred vbrizgavanjem vode je integriran blok cevi zaprt in zapečaten. Po opravljenem pregledu se voda vnese v integrirano cevno galerijo. Voda se vbrizga iz spodnjega konca integrirane galvanske cevi. Ko se voda napolni, se notranja stena integrirane galvanske cevi in vmesni material popolnoma absorbirajo in čas namakanja ni manjši od dolžine, navedene v specifikaciji. (2) Test a. Ko je vsestranski cev v skladu z zahtevami, se preskus izvede. Preskusna glava mora biti 2 m nad vrha integrirane cevi. Če je višina od vrha gorvodne integrirane cevne galerije do inšpekcijskega pristanišča manjša od 2 m, v skladu z inšpekcijskim pregledom in prevzemom standardnega gradbenega inšpekcijskega standarda "zaprte preskusne vode za vodo do vodnjaka, da izpolnjujejo zahteve glede gradnje. b. Začnite čas, ko preskusna glava doseže določeno vrednost, opazujte uhajanje integrirane galvanske cevi do konca opazovanja. V tem času je treba vodo kontinuirano dobavljati v integrirano cevno galerijo, da se preizkusna glava stalno konstanti, čas pretoka vode pa ne sme biti krajši od 30 minut. c. Izmerjeno izsušitev vode izračunamo po naslednji formuli: q = W / TL, pri čemer je q izmerjena iztekanje vode [L / (min.m)]; W - količina vode (L); T - čas opazovanja (min) L - dolžina konca epruvete (m). c. Po zaključku integrirane galerije cevi se tretja kontrolna stranka in nadzor na kraju samem, ki ga določi pogodbenica A, pravočasno obvestijo, da izvedejo preskus zaprtih voda integriranega sistema galvanskih cevi. Potem, ko je preskus končan, mora stranka za izdelavo zemljišča opraviti polnjenje integriranega jaška cevi. (3) Kontrolne točke a. Integrirano cevno galerijo je treba pregledati po oddelku; b. Kakovost videza integrirane galanterije cevi in kontrolne vrtine je bila kvalificirana in ni nobenega uhajanja vode in izsušenosti vode; c. Čas namakanja po polnjenju vode v integrirani cevni galeriji Čas potapljanja armirane betonske cevi ne sme biti manjši od dolžine, navedene v specifikaciji; d. Celovit test cevne galerije z zaprto vodo se izvede na kraju samem, da se izmeri dejanska količina in izračun polj ter izpolnijo ustrezne obrazce kot skriti zapis o sprejemu. (4) Obvestilo o preskusu z zaprto vodo Zaprt odsek zaprtega odseka vode ni gosto in je pogosto zanemarjen, ker je v vrtini. Če se za zapečatenje uporablja opečna stena, je treba upoštevati naslednje točke: Šoba mora biti 0,5 pred blokado. Čiščenje notranje stene cevi v območju m, cementni pire je pobarvan in uporabljene opeke so mokri za uporabo. Zidana malta naj ne bi bila manjša od M7.5 in mora imeti dobro doslednost. Cementna malta za spajanje in omet ne sme biti manjša od M15. Če je premer cevi velik, mora biti notranja in zunanja stran majhna in uporabiti samo zunanji enostranski spoj ali površino. Površino je treba uporabiti v vodoodporni 5-slojni konstrukcijski metodi. Kadar to dopuščajo razmere, se lahko pred inšpekcijskim pregledom zapečati, da se zagotovi kakovost. Prednastavljeno odtočno odprtino je treba pregledati na notranjem dnu cevi za odvajanje in testiranje. (5) Obdelava vode pri prodiranju vode v integrirani cevni galeriji Preskus z zaprto vodo je celovit pregled izgradnje integrirane cevne galerije in kakovosti materialov. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m. First, the venue settings
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Prefabricated site
1. The site is selected according to the actual situation of the project. The site adopts closed management to set up import and export, and the construction access road is reserved in the site planning area, and various signs are hanged at the import and export according to regulations. 2. The layout of the prefabrication site shall be in strict accordance with the requirements of the standard factory, meet the requirements of occupational health and safety and environmental management system and HSE operation instructions, and set up various safety environment protection facilities. It shall be fully equipped to meet the requirements of safe and civilized production, sewage discharge and garbage disposal. Strictly in accordance with the relevant provisions of local government departments. 3. Clean the prefabricated site, leveling, vibrating and compacting, laying a 20cm thick cement stabilized macadam base, smoothing and vibrating and compacting. The main road of the plant will pour 15cm thick C20 commercial concrete on the cement stabilized macadam base. , installation area, prefabrication, production area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation placement area pouring 10cmC20 commercial concrete. In the gantry crane rail erection position, the excavation depth is 60cm, and the concrete is poured and the track is laid. We must also do these three things: (1) The site needs to be cleaned and leveled, including prefabricated sites, connecting construction work belts and existing transportation roads, and passages in prefabricated sites. (2) In the prefabricated site, the stones, weeds, trees, structures, etc. that affect the passage or construction work of the construction machinery should be cleaned up, the ditch and the ridge should be leveled, and the low-lying areas with accumulated water should be drained and filled, if necessary, changed. Fill in, fully guarantee the flatness of the ground and the load-bearing and compressive capacity. (3) Pre-fabrication site cleaning and leveling shall be carried out to save land acquisition or land occupation, no traffic obstruction, no damage to buildings, facilities, monuments, etc., to prevent environmental pollution and soil erosion. 4. Prefabrication of the steel bar processing and installation area, integrated pipe gallery prefabrication production steaming area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation shed, integrated pipe gallery storage area and other functional areas. The office area and living area are set according to the actual situation, and the prefabricated field entrance and exit is set up as a guard room. Second, the production process
Production process flow chart
1. Reinforcement engineering construction materials entering the site, sampling inspection, steel processing, steel bar binding, installation. (1) Reinforcement approach inspection a. Rebar is hot-rolled HPB300 grade steel and hot-rolled HRB400 grade steel bar. The standard strength of steel bar meets the requirements of 4.2.2 of GB50010-2010. The ribbed steel bar complies with the steel for reinforced concrete: Part II: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.2-2007); light-round steel bars meet the requirements of steel for reinforced concrete: Part I: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.1-2008). The steel plate is made of Q235-B steel, the welding electrode HPB300 grade steel is welded with E43 type electrode, and the HRB400 grade steel is welded with E55 type electrode. b. Before the steel enters the site, check the variety, grade, specification, quantity and material list in strict accordance with the requirements, whether the product quality certificate, the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report are complete and valid. The mechanical properties test must be in accordance with the relevant standards. c. Before the steel enters the field and before use, check the appearance quality of the steel bar, whether it is straight, no damage, no slag inclusion on the surface, heavy skin, crack, oil stain, granular or flake old rust, uniform color, view the diameter of the steel bar Meet the requirements, so as not to affect the strength of the steel and anchoring performance. Steel plates, welding rods, etc. are inspected with the steel bar inspection items before entering the site. (2) Storage of steel bars a. The steel bars entering the site are stored in the steel bar storage area according to the variety, specification and grade. The materials are stored by the material staff and the custodians. The steel bar is required to be covered with a pad to prevent rust. b. Check whether the steel bar has the factory certificate and the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report. Check the appearance quality and the volume representative diameter. The steel bar must be inspected comprehensively for its quality index. According to the batch inspection, the diameter and weight deviation are the same as the same factory, the same furnace number, the same specification, the same production process, and the 60-ton steel bar entering the same construction site at the same time is an inspection lot, less than 60 tons. Also as a test lot, carry out witnessed sampling. Sampling of steel bars shall be carried out by the supervising engineer. Two steel bars shall be taken to take two tensile test pieces, each with a length of about 450 mm, and two cold-bent test pieces with a length of about 350 mm, placed in the test box, and then supervised for sealing or monitoring the test room. If the result of the re-examination report is unqualified, it shall be double-sampled and re-tested. The results of the re-examination report shall be qualified, and the professional supervision engineer shall sign the approval, and the batch of steel bars may be used in processing. Storage and storage of other materials shall be carried out by means of moisture insulation. (3) Rebar processing Before processing, according to the design specifications and length and quantity, combined with different processing techniques, the length of each rebar is determined by calculation to ensure accuracy. During processing, check whether there is any error or omission in the blanking table. Check the material table for each type of steel bar. After these two inspections, press the material table to release the real sample. After the trial production is qualified, it can be processed in batches. Good steel bars should be stacked neatly and orderly. The surface of the steel bar should be clean, and the grease, dirt and rust must be cleaned before use. The steel bars are straightened and mechanically straightened. The steel bars after straightening shall not have local bending, dead bends or small waves. The steel bar cutting should be based on the steel bar number, diameter, length and quantity. The length and length of the steel bar should be broken and the short material should be broken first, and the short steel head should be reduced and shortened as much as possible to save steel and reduce loss. When the steel bar is bent, stake out determines the bending point and determines the bending angle based on the rebound strength of each steel bar. Before the formal bending, the steel bars that have been bent in large quantities will be subjected to trial bending and the relevant technical data will be determined before batch bending. After the steel bar is bent, the arc forms an arc. After the bending, the size is not larger than the blanking size. The bending adjustment value should be considered. The bending diameter D of the bent steel bar and the bend of the middle part is not less than 5 times the diameter of the steel bar. The length of the steel bar should be considered comprehensively according to the size of the component, the thickness of the protective layer, and the adjustment value of the bending of the steel bar. The allowable deviation of steel bar processing shall not exceed the specification. For steel bars with insufficient finished material, the butt joint pressure welding method is used to butt the foot length and then bend. The butt welder must be trained in a special butt welding process and sampled for inspection. After the various steel bars are formed, the allowable deviation shall not exceed the specification: the full length of the force ribs shall be ±10 mm; the deviation of the length of each part of the stirrups shall be ±5 mm; the deviation of the bent ribs shall be ±20 mm of the member, large volume The concrete is ±30mm; the deviation of the steel corner is 3mm; the 6~12mm round rib is made into the stirrup, and the length of the end hook is 75~105mm according to the diameter of the main rib. The specific calculation before the blanking is determined, the processed steel bars are classified and stored, and the formed steel bars are prevented from being deformed during storage and transportation.
Braided skeleton (reinforced steel) steel formwork
Difficulties: The difficulty in making the main ribs of the rectangular top pipe is the outer rib main rib. Each ring consists of four steel bars with two arcs each forming a rectangular top pipe rebar ring. The radius of the arc is too small, the curved arc segment is short, and the precision is high. . Solution: Before the steel bars are bent, mark them at the intersection of each arc. Then, the R90 degree arc is bent by three-roll bending, and the straight line segment is not bent. After the arc is fully bent, it is placed on the standard master inspection. After the requirements are met, the moving wheel movement position mark is made on the bending machine operating platform for the next quick production. The three-roll bending machine needs to have the function of jog and reverse. (4) Steel bar welding The formed steel bar is placed on the steel bar welding work tool according to the construction drawings for welding. The welding quality is an important part to ensure the overall strength of the steel bar. In the steel bar processing factory, the steel bars are mainly cleaned by double-sided flash butt welding to clean the corner burrs and the end face rust, oil stains and oxide film before being welded, and the metal luster is exposed by grinding, and there is no oxidation phenomenon. At the same time, the end face of the steel bar should be flattened to facilitate a good combination. The fixtures on both sides should be aligned to ensure that the two steel bars are on the same axis, and the local clearance of the two steel bars is not more than 3 mm. The pressure applied during the welding should be uniform and strong, and the temperature should be controlled at 30-40 MPa depending on the diameter of the steel bar to achieve good adhesion between the two steel bars. When the steel bars of different diameters are butt welded, the deviation shall not exceed 7mm. Butt welding and spot welding are strictly in accordance with the regulations, and the welding personnel are certified to work. After the welding is completed, the joint will be changed from white to black to release the clamp, and the steel bar will be taken out smoothly to avoid bending. After the welding of the steel bars is completed, the appearance inspection of the welded joints shall be carried out in time, and the joints that fail the visual inspection shall be re-welded. All welding operators must ensure that all types of welding machines are in good working condition, master the main performance and parameters of various welding machines in time, and select the best parameters for actual operation according to the conditions of the base metal and weather to ensure the welding quality. . (5) Reinforced steel cages should be re-calibrated before specification, size, shape, quantity, positioning tooling, etc., and comprehensive inspection should be carried out according to the design drawings and ingredient list. The design, ingredient list and physical object can be matched. Security. Before the system is installed, the reinforcement is arranged on the positioning tooling platform according to the design data. At the same time, according to the location, the setting of the standing reinforcement is determined to ensure that the steel bars after the installation meet the requirements. In the process of security, the steel bars are mainly made by wire binding and spot welding. The holes are made of 20~22# wire. The method of binding and binding is in accordance with the specifications and regulations. Spot welding is mainly used for forming steel bars and standing bars. The fixing, the spot welding should be firm, the points should be evenly distributed, and the force ribs should not be seriously damaged. The lashing joint of the steel bar shall meet the following requirements: a. The end of the lap length shall be not less than 10 times the diameter of the steel bar at the bend of the steel bar, and the joint shall not be located at the maximum bending moment of the component. b. In the tension zone, the end of the I-grade steel lashing joint shall be made into a hook. In the same section, the cross-sectional area of the joint of the tension zone shall be less than 50% of the total area of the force-receiving joint, and the lashing joint shall not be more than 50%. Not more than 25%, at the same time, the lashing joints must not exceed 50% in the compression zone. c. Reinforced joints, tied with wire at the center and at both ends. d. The joint positions of the stressed ribs are staggered from each other. The lap length of the tensioned steel reinforced joints should meet the structural design requirements. The welded steel joints and mechanical joints should be placed at the minimum bending moment and staggered. e. When the diameter of the stressed steel bar is ≥25mm, it is not advisable to use a non-welded lashing joint. f. The thickness of the concrete protective layer of the stressed steel bar should meet the structural design requirements. In order to ensure the correct position of the steel bar, it is tied and installed according to the design requirements. g. In the reinforcement cage binding process, one ΦPVC pipe is pre-buried on the four sides of the joint, Φ14mm, the length of the PVC pipe is determined according to the wall thickness of the mouth of the joint, and the pre-embedded PVC pipe is used as the inspection hole and the injection hole. The lifting holes are installed at 500mm above and below the central axis of the left and right sides of the integrated pipe gallery. Two Φ125*10mm*220mm steel pipes are welded to the steel frame, and Φ140*4 steel plate is used for sealing. The Φ125*10mm*180mm steel pipe is installed before lifting. Φ110mm*350mm iron pin is used as the integrated pipe hanger ear to meet the hoisting construction of the integrated pipe gallery. Reinforced steel works are concealed projects. Before pouring concrete, the steel bars and embedded parts should be inspected and accepted, and the hidden engineering records should be made. After the on-site supervision engineers agree, the next process can be carried out.
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Steel mold assembly
The most efficient method for the assembly process should be: first support the inner mold, the steel collar connection ribs should be welded first and then placed in the bottom mold, and the lining steel ring connecting ribs of the socket should be welded after the steel frame is put into the mold, and the steel bars are welded. After the skeleton is put into the mold, the grouting hole, the grouting hole and the pre-embedded steel plate are welded. After the welding, the outer mold is assembled. In order to prevent the position of the lifting hole from being inaccurate, the lifting hole is fixed on the outer mold, and the outer mold is assembled and then the welding socket is pre-prepared. Buried steel ring. (6) Reinforced protective layer The protective layer of concrete is made of concrete block, the thickness is equal to the thickness of the designed protective layer, the block size is 3cm×3cm, the pad number is more than C25 mortar strength, and the curing is strengthened during production to achieve design strength. 85% of the above can be used. When used in the vertical structure, the 20# binding line can be buried in the block, and the block is tied to the steel bar with the wire. The bottom layer of the bottom plate and the wall reinforcement layer are placed one square meter per square meter, and the plum blossoms are arranged. The spacing of the pads should be properly encrypted. Reasonably arrange the blocks, and tie them tightly on the stressed steel bars, instead of being placed on the non-stressed tendons, the fixing should be firm to prevent displacement and slippage during the pouring process; whether the blocks are fully inspected before concrete pouring Missing or damaged. 2. Concrete pouring (1) Concrete material Concrete transportation is transported to the prefabricated site by concrete tanker, and pumped into the warehouse by concrete pump truck. The slump of concrete is generally controlled between 140 and 180 mm (the specific value depends on the temperature of the day). 4 concrete vibrating rods with a vibrating radius of 20-25cm, so the spacing between each rod is 40cm. Each rod depth is within 5cm below the previous vibrating surface, and the vibrating time per rod is 2-3 minutes. (2) Mixing ratio design and test a. Mixing ratio design To meet the requirements of concrete design strength, frost resistance, impermeability, sand aggregate expansion rate and construction workability, the concrete construction mix ratio optimization test At the same time, it meets the requirements of construction water-cement ratio and slump, and is reviewed and approved by the supervision engineer. The mix ratio of concrete should ensure that the concrete obtained can meet the specific pouring conditions, and the water consumption in the concrete mix ratio is as small as possible. b. Concrete mix ratio test concrete mix ratio test plan, including concrete mix ratio test and concrete performance test of different strength grades, blending ratio test 14d ahead of the various mix ratio test ingredients and mixing, molding and maintenance, etc. The mix ratio test plan is reported to the supervision engineer. c. Construction mix ratio control According to the mix ratio test and the batch list approved by the supervision engineer, the concrete mix ratio is controlled, and the total water consumption is adjusted according to the water content of the aggregate. Concrete slump is determined by the nature of the structural part, the rate of reinforcement, the concrete transport and casting method, and the climatic conditions, and uses a small slump as much as possible. Concrete slump meets the requirements of SL677-2014. (3) Concrete sampling test During the concrete pouring process, the contractor shall carry out concrete sampling test at the discharge opening and pouring site according to the provisions of SL352-2006 and the instructions of the supervisor, and submit the following materials to the supervisor: a. And the quality certificate of its integrated pipe gallery; b. The composition, mixing and dimensions of the test piece; c. Description of the preparation and maintenance of the test piece; d. Test results and description; e. Concrete of various ages Test data such as bulk density, compressive strength, tensile strength, ultimate tensile value, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, slump and initial setting and final setting time. (4) Concrete pouring a. The mix ratio of commercial concrete should meet the requirements of DL/T5330-2005 "Design Specification for Hydraulic Concrete Mixing Ratio", and use cement and water reducing agent with relatively early initial setting time and early strength increase after final setting. Various additives such as air entraining agent and early strength agent should consider the long distance of concrete transportation, increase the early strength of concrete, reduce the time of demoulding, shorten the construction period, and especially solve the slow growth of concrete strength during winter construction. The problem with the site concrete slump is to be controlled at 140-180mm. b. After the mold and steel bars have been installed and qualified by the technicians for quality inspection and supervision, and confirmed, the integrated pipe gallery can be poured. The height of the hole is 2m or more above the ground, and the drop is 2m or less. The soft string barrel is set at the mouth to ensure that the concrete has a falling height of less than 2m. c. The concrete pipe tunnel concrete shall adopt the symmetric casting method to consider that the height of the edge should not exceed 40cm, and the construction by continuous casting method should not be intermittent. d. Concrete is poured in layers, in a certain direction, and with a certain thickness. The concrete is horizontally layered and the layer thickness is 30-40 cm. e. Vibrating uses a plug-in vibrating rod, the moving distance does not exceed 1.5 times the radius of action of the vibrating bar, and maintains a distance of 5 to 10 cm from the side mold. Insert the lower layer of concrete 5 to 10 cm when vibrating, and slowly propose the vibrating bar after each vibration. Avoid vibrating the formwork, steel bars, etc. during vibration; for each vibration part, it must be oscillated until the concrete is compacted, that is, the concrete stops sinking, no bubbles appear, and the surface is flat and muddy. During the pouring process, each work type should be arranged to check the changes of steel bars, brackets and stencils, and the situation should be dealt with in time. 3, box culvert maintenance and demoulding
Box culvert prefabricated
(1) After the concrete is poured, after the concrete is initially set, the integrated pipe gallery is steamed at a high temperature. The steaming adopts a customized steaming cover, and the integrated pipe gallery mold is covered with a steaming cover, and the bottom of the steaming cover is sealed to prevent steam from being discharged during the steaming process. The steaming boiler is steamed for the environmentally friendly steaming facility. support. In the process of steaming, it is divided into four stages: static stop, warming, constant temperature and cooling. During the static stop, the ambient temperature should be kept below 5 °C, and the temperature rise should be controlled within 15 °C/h. Constant temperature: When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the steaming can be stopped after four hours of constant temperature steaming. Cooling: The cooling rate of the integrated pipe gallery in the steaming shed is less than 10 °C / h, and the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery is not more than 5 °C, so that the integrated pipe gallery can be removed from the steaming cover. During the steaming process, special personnel are arranged to effectively control the temperature rise and fall and record in detail. Firstly, after the integrated pipe gallery has been poured and stopped for 2 hours, the integrated pipe gallery has been initially set and the inspection has no abnormality. The steaming cover and equipment are moved to the prefabricated production area, and the integrated pipe gallery has been set up with the steaming cover. Strictly sealed, check the sealing condition of steaming equipment and steaming cover and debug the steaming equipment. After all the preparations are in place, start the steaming equipment to heat up, and pay attention to control the heating rate within 15 °C/h during the heating process. . It is forbidden to heat up too fast or too slow, which will affect the compressive strength and performance of the integrated pipe gallery. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the constant temperature steaming is started. After the constant temperature steaming for four hours, the steaming can be stopped. After the constant temperature steaming is finished, the integrated pipe gallery is cooled and maintained in the steaming shed, and the cooling rate is strictly controlled. Within 10 °C / h, the temperature drops to the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery and the ambient temperature does not exceed 5 °C, the steaming cover can be removed, and the integrated pipe gallery is demolished and moved to a natural conservation shed for natural conservation. (2) After the steaming is completed, the pipe gallery demoulding and natural conservation shed maintenance plan will reach 50% of the design strength and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming cover can not be more than 5 °C after stopping the steaming for one hour. mold. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in order, the mold is removed, the prefabricated integrated pipe gallery and the bottom mold are removed from the mold by the gantry crane, and transported to the designated natural conservation shed for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. After the natural maintenance reaches 75% of the design strength, the integrated pipe gallery will be removed from the natural conservation shed for reversal. (3) Folding and placing plan of the pipe gallery After the concrete pouring is completed, the design strength is 50% and after the steaming is stopped for one hour, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming shed can not be greater than 5 °C, and the mold can be demolished. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in sequence. After the mold is removed, the prefabricated product and the bottom mold are lifted out of the mold and transported to the designated natural conservation area for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. The angular parts of the sling or wire rope contact are protected by a pad, which is light and light during the lifting process, and all actions are directed by a special person. After the product strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the product is transferred to the finished natural conservation area. Move the product out of the tray during transport and flip the product. In order to facilitate the storage of the product, the original product of the product is turned over to the bottom of the floor, and the product storage height is two layers. 4, closed water testing standards
Closed water inspection flow chart
(1) Water injection in the integrated pipe gallery Before the water injection, the integrated pipe gallery block is sealed and sealed. After passing the inspection, water is injected into the integrated pipe gallery. The water is injected from the lower end of the integrated pipe gallery. After the water is filled, the inner wall of the integrated pipe gallery and the interface material are fully absorbed, and the soaking time is not less than the length specified in the specification. (2) Test a. After the comprehensive pipe shed is in compliance with the requirements, the test shall be carried out. The test head shall be 2 m above the top of the integrated pipe gallery. If the height from the top of the upstream integrated pipe gallery to the inspection port is less than 2 m, according to the municipal engineering quality inspection and acceptance Standard “closed water test water level to the wellhead to meet construction requirements. b. Start timing when the test head reaches the specified level, observe the leakage of the integrated pipe gallery until the end of the observation. At this time, the water should be continuously supplied to the integrated pipe gallery to keep the test head constant, and the seepage time of the water seepage is not less than 30 minutes. c. Calculate the measured water seepage according to the following formula: q=W/TL where q is the measured water seepage [L/(min.m)]; W——the amount of water (L); T——observation time (min) L - length of the test tube end (m). c. After the completion of the integrated pipe gallery, the third inspection party and the on-site supervision designated by Party A shall be notified in time to carry out the closed water test of the integrated pipe gallery system. After the test is completed, the earthwork construction party shall carry out the backfilling of the integrated pipe gallery trench. (3) Checkpoints a. The integrated pipe gallery must be inspected section by section; b. The appearance quality of the integrated pipe gallery and inspection well has been qualified, and no water leakage and no serious water seepage are qualified; c. Soaking time after filling the water in the integrated pipe gallery The immersion time of the reinforced concrete pipe shall not be less than the length specified in the specification; d. The comprehensive pipe gallery closed water test shall be carried out on site to measure the actual amount and the field calculation, and fill in the relevant forms as a concealed acceptance record. (4) Notice of closed water test The closed section of the closed water section is not dense, and it is often neglected because it is in the well. If the brick wall is used for sealing, the following points should be paid attention to: The nozzle should be 0.5 before the blockage The inner wall of the pipe in the range of m is cleaned, the cement puree is painted, and the bricks used are wetted for use. The masonry mortar should be no less than M7.5 and have a good consistency. The cement mortar for jointing and plastering shall be not less than M15. When the diameter of the pipe is large, the inner and outer sides should be small and only the outer one-side joint or the surface should be used. The surface should be applied in a waterproof 5-layer construction method. When conditions permit, it can be sealed before the inspection of the wells to ensure quality. The preset drain hole should be inspected at the inner bottom of the tube for draining and testing. (5) Treatment of water seepage in integrated pipe gallery The closed water test is a comprehensive inspection of the construction of integrated pipe gallery and the quality of materials. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m.
